Outpost 2 Ƙa'idodin Fayil · bei.pm

Abubuwan da Outpost 2 ke amfani da su suna da tsarin da ya yi kama da JFIF / PNG - kowanne daga cikin bayanan yana da babban 8 Byte a ciki. Don haka, zan yi hanzari wajen rubuta babban a wuraren da suka dace kuma zan rubuta kawai bambance-bambance a can.

Tsarin koyaushe haka ne; ainihin bayanan amfani suna cikin sa:

A cikin Volumes, akwai wani akwatin bayanai na wasan, kamar yadda aka saba a cikin tsarin ajiyar bayanai kamar Tarball. A kalla a cikin Outpost 2, tsarin yana dauke da fayiloli kawai - ba tare da manyan fayiloli ba. Yana yiwuwa a iya kwaikwayon waɗannan ta hanyar sunayen fayil da suka dace.

Wani Volume yana kunshe da Volume-Header da kuma blokoki da yawa na Volume, waɗanda suka dace da fayilolin ainihi.

"Volumes" sune fayilolin da ke da ƙarshen 'vol' a cikin kundin adireshin wasan.

Header na Volume ba ya ƙunshe da kowanne bayanan amfani.
Yana aiki ne kawai a matsayin kwandon ajiya.

A matsayin na farko na bayanai a cikin Header na Volume, yakamata a sami Volume Strings; sannan bayanan Volume zasu biyo baya.

Volume Strings suna nufin jerin sunayen fayiloli da ke cikin wannan volume.

Bayani kan girman yana dauke da karin bayani kan fayiloli. Wannan yana nufin a wani bangare, wani nau'i ne na shigar da jerin FAT (FAT = Teburin Raba Fayil).

Yawan fayiloli yana fitowa daga girman block da aka raba da tsawon shigarwar jerin - 14 Byte.

Ko wanne shigarwa na jerin yana da irin wannan tsarin:

A cikin Volume-Block, ana nufin wani akwati ne, wanda ke karɓar fayiloli. Ya ƙunshi kawai sake - saboda tsarin Block - girman fayil ɗin da kuma bayan haka, bayanan amfani suna biye da shi kai tsaye.

Kan tiles suna da tsarin hoto na Bitmap na musamman ga Outpost-2. Suna wucewa akan tilesets 13, wanda ake kira "wells" (well0000.bmp zuwa well0012.bmp), wanda suke cikin volum maps.vol.

Daga cikin tilesets / wells suna dauke da abubuwa masu zuwa:

Yana da kyau a tabbatar da cewa ba a yi rendering na Tiles kafin lokaci ba don a iya adana su, saboda bayanan don zagayowar rana/da dare har yanzu suna bukatar gyara - kuma za a tara bayanai masu yawa.

Tiles suna da 8bpp-grafik tare da jerin launuka na index da ke da girman 32x32 pixels, wanda aka tsara a jere. A cikin irin wannan Tileset, akwai yiyuwar karin

Mai babban kwantena yana dauke da sassa guda biyu: head da data.

Bayan waɗannan bayanan, za a sami fayil ɗin palette wanda ke cikin tsarin RIFF da aka tsara. Takamaiman ƙayyadaddun abubuwa suna nan - saboda palettoci suna bayyana a wasu wuri - a ƙarƙashin بَلاَتِين.

A ƙarshe, bayan haka akwai bayanan pixel da aka bayyana, daga hagu sama a layi zuwa dama ƙasa.
Kimar bayanan a cikin hoton da aka saba da 8bpp-Bitmaps yana dacewa da alamar launi a cikin paletin launi.

Engin wasan na tsara Tiles *tabbas* bisa ga bukata.
Wannan yana yiwuwa saboda tsarin dare da rana, wanda ke da matakan 32 na Tiles daban-daban. A cikin wannan, ana rage 'kadanu' daga darajar haske. Ba a iya tantance ainihin ƙima ba, ina aiki bisa ga ƙididdiga

v *= (daylight / 48) + 0.25;

tare da bayanan HSV na pixels, inda daylight ke da ƙima daga 0-31 kuma v yana da ƙima tsakanin 0-1. Hakanan, ya kamata a lura cewa a taswirar akwai gefen Tiles 16 a hagu da dama (wanda yake don ɓoyayyen haihuwar ƙungiyoyi).

Bugu da ƙari, tsarin dare da rana yana sabunta kowane ginshiƙi na taswira a kowane zagaye na wasa.
Wannan yana nufin tsarin dare da rana da aka hanzarta yana bayyana kamar haka:

Abin da PRT ke nufi ainihi ban san shi ba; amma yana yiwuwa ya kasance misali 'Jadawalin Palette da Kayan Aiki' - tun da wannan fayil ɗin - wanda ake samu a matsayin op2_art.prt a cikin maps.vol - na irin wannan ne, ko kuma hakan zai iya bayyana aikin sosai.

Wannan fayil ɗin yana ƙunshe da jerin palettes, jadawalin duka bitmap da aka yi amfani da su, dukkanin ƙa'idodin motsi da kuma wasu bayanai da ba a san su ba. Yana bin tsarin kwantena na baya-bayan nan a hankali, tun da ba duk bayanai ne ke bi wannan tsarin ba.

ɓangaren CPAL (wannan yana yiwuwa yana nufin kwantena na palettes) yana ƙunshe da bayanan palette kawai, yana nuna yawan 8-Bit-palettes masu girman 1052 Byte da aka saba a cikin su.

Bayani na 1052-Byte ba a ɗauka a matsayin mai tilasta ba, tun da tsarin palette na iya zama da girma daban-daban. Yana aiki ne kawai ga bayanan da Outpost 2 ke fitarwa.

Bayan jerin palettes, a nan da nan ba tare da shahararren header ba, jerin bitmaps yana biyo baya; haka kuma jerin motsi yana biyo bayan su.
Dukansu suna farawa tare da uint(32) (ko kuma sake uint24+uint8 flags?) wanda ke ƙunshe da adadin bayanai.

Bayani kan pallets yana da sauƙin karantawa.
Yana ƙunshe da header da kuma wani ɓangaren bayanai.

Ƙungiyar bayanai na ɗaukar kowane shigar pallet ɗin. Yawan shigar pallet yana samun daga tsawon block / 4.

Kowane shigar na da wannan, mai sauƙin tsarin;

Don haka game da palet, abin da ya rage kawai a faɗa shine, wannan dokokin suna aiki ga palet da za a yi amfani da su don animations:

• Launin farko koyaushe yana da shafawa, ko da wane darajar an bayar.
• Shiga palet 1-24 ana ɗauka a matsayin launin 'yan wasa a palet 1-8.
  Yadda launukan suka fito daga waje na 'yan wasa 1 ba a bayyana ba.
  Ina tsammanin sauran launuka suna da hardcoded.

Wannan tsarin bayanai na fayil ɗin PRT yana nuna yadda aka tsara bitmaps da aka yi amfani da su don sprites. Wadannan bitmaps suna aiki a matsayin wani ɓangare guda, wanda daga cikin su da dama ake haɗawa don yin wani yanayin animation na sprite.

Tabbatar da hoton da aka yi amfani da shi yana ɓoye a cikin op2_art.BMP a cikin babban fayil na wasan.
Me ya sa wannan bitmap ɗin yana da header na RIFF-Bitmap (mai kusan zama daidai), ba a bayyana ba. Mai yiwuwa Outpost 2 yana amfani da APIs na tsarin don lodin hotuna, ta hanyar ɗaukar wannan header na ɗan lokaci da kuma maye gurbin filayen da suka dace da suke bambanta.

Bayyanann hoto suna cikin fayil ɗin BMP a matsayi Offset + uint32-Offset, wanda ake samunsa a cikin fayil ɗin BMP a adireshin 0x000A (RIFF-Bitmap-Datenoffset), don samun su - kuma suna nuna tsarin layi daga sama hagu zuwa dama ƙasa.

Hoton monochrome 1bpp ana iya zana su ta yadda launin 0 ke wakiltar cikakken bayyana, yayin da launin 1 ke wakiltar launin baki/guru mai ruwan sama, tun da hoton monochrome yawanci ana amfani da su don inuwa na motoci da gine-gine a cikin animations.

Domin haka, ana iya haɗa hotuna da yawa da aka riga aka yi.

Yanzu zamu tafi zuwa babban ajin fannoni a cikin tsarin bayanan Outpost 2:
Animatoci.

Jerinjayen animatoci suna farawa da wani babban header wanda ya fi maida hankali ga tantance bayanai. Bayan haka, suna bin bayanan takamaiman animatoci, wanda aka raba su zuwa matakai 3:

1. Animation
   Animatoci shine babban mataki; yana wakiltar animatoci na wani rukuni, wani ginin ko kuma 'animatoci na kwayoyin' (bugun kome, yanayi, fashewa) a cikin wani yanayi na musamman.
2. Frame
   Frame shine hoto guda daya a cikin animatoci. Animatoci na iya dauke da frame guda daya ko fiye.
3. Subframe
   Subframe shine bayani akan cewa wani takamaiman Bitmap a cikin wasu ka'idoji za'a zana shi a wani takamaiman matsayi na frame. Frame na iya dauke da subframes guda daya ko fiye.

Bayan haka, za'a tafi kai tsaye zuwa takamaiman bayanan animatoci.

Bayani na saman mataki, na zane-zane, yana da bayanan gudanarwa na farko - Boundingbox yana nufin wuraren da ke kewaye da alamar motar/ginin, Idan an zaɓi shi kuma yana kuma nuna wanne yanki ne za a iya danna.

Offset yana bayyana babban "sakin"; wuri wanda za a yi amfani da shi wajen lissafin kuma ko kuma a rage. Hakanan ana iya cewa a ilimin lissafi: offset yana nufin asalin kundayen lissafi.

Game da Windows, kamar yadda yake da Offset, kowane Window yana da 4 uint(32)-ƙima, wanda ke nuna yanki da za a iya amfani da shi don subframes masu zaman kansu. A waje da Windows, muddin an tsara shi don Bitmap, ba a ba da izinin zane.

Ta wannan hanyar, yanzu zamu iya haɗa ƙananan frames da kuma cikakkun animations yadda ya kamata, a nan ga misali a kan wani tsari mai wahala, wanda shine animation tare da index 500, ana nuna shi

Animation 500 ta nuna yadda ake fitar da wata Plymouth-Transporter da aka cika da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfe. Wannan na daga cikin ɗayan kadan na animations da ke amfani da fasalin Windowing.

Kuma haka za a iya haɗa cikakken animation.
Abin takaici, akwai wata matsala da babban tagar lodin, saboda a nan ba a sa abin da ya dace a cikin bayanin nau'in hoto ba.

Ga wasu ƙarin sprites masu kyau da aka yi wa animation daga wasan:

Yanzu har yanzu akwai bukatar wajen amfani da wasan, wanda aka yi shi da karfe mai goge-kallo.

Amma har ma a nan yana bayyana cewa Dynamix ba ya bukatar sake kirkirar keken; a nan ba kawai ana amfani da User32 da GDI32-APIs da Windows ya samar ba - musamman ana kuma amfani da gudanar da albarkatu daga User32.

Wannan na iya zama misali ta hanyar shirye-shirye kamar wanda Angus Johnson ya haɓaka a matsayin Freeware Resource Hacker, ko - idan kana jin tsoron amfani da Wine a kan Linux / Mac OS - ta hanyar amfani da wrestool da aka haɗa cikin icoutils.